Present Perfect Tense merupakan Tenses ketiga dalam Bahasa Inggris. Secara sederhana diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang suatu kejadian, peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah terjadi pada periode tertentu dan pada saat bicara, kejadian, peristiwa atau aktivitas tersebut tidak lagi dilakukan atau berlangsung.
Rumus:
a. Kalimat Verbal:
(+) Subjek + have, has + V3 + dll
(-) Subjek + have, has + not + V3 + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek + V3 +dll?
b. Kalimat Non-Verbal
(+) Subjek + have, has + been + dll
(-) Subjek + have, has + not + been + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek +been +dll?
Perhatikan contoh berikut:
KALIMAT VERBAL
a. Kalimat Positif
a. Kalimat Verbal:
(+) Subjek + have, has + V3 + dll
(-) Subjek + have, has + not + V3 + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek + V3 +dll?
b. Kalimat Non-Verbal
(+) Subjek + have, has + been + dll
(-) Subjek + have, has + not + been + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek +been +dll?
Perhatikan contoh berikut:
KALIMAT VERBAL
a. Kalimat Positif
- I have seen the movie.
- We have seen the movie.
b. Kalimat Negatif
- I have not seen the movie.
- We have not seen the movie.
c. Kalimat Tanya
- Have you seen the movie?
- Have they seen the movie?
KALIMAT NON-VERBAL
a. Kalimat Positif
a. Kalimat Positif
- I have been here for 20 minutes.
- We have been here for 20 minutes.
b. Kalimat Negatif
- I have not been here for 20 minutes.
- We have not been here for 20 minutes.
c. Kalimat Tanya
- Have you been here for 20 minutes?
- Have they been here for 20 minutes?
Tenses ini digunakan untuk:
- Pengalaman
- Perubahan
- Situasi Yang berkelanjutan
Perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimatnya berikut ini:
- We have never eaten pizza. (=I do not have any experience to eat pizza)
- John has broken his leg. (=yesterday John had a good leg)
- I have lived in Medan for 3 years.
For & Since dengan Present Perfect Tense
- Kita memakai for untuk membicarakan tentang sebuah periode waktu.
- Kita memakai since untuk membicarakan tentang titik (batas waktu) di masa lampau.
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini:
- I have been here for 10 minutes.
- I have been here since 4 o'clock.
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