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Modal
Auxiliaries
The
verbs can, could, will, would,
should, may, might, must, ought and shall are verbs which 'help'
other verbs to express a meaning: it is important to realise that these
"modal verbs" have no meaning by themselves. A modal verb such as would has several varying
functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the
past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that
"would is the past of will": it is many other things.
1.
Will
·
Making presonal predictions
I
doubt if I will stay here much longer.
·
Talking about the present with certainly (making
deductions)
I’m
sure you will understand that there is nothing the Department can do.
2. Shall
Shall is a form of
will, used mostly in the first person. Its use, however, is decreasing, and in
any case in spoken English it would be contracted to "-ll" and be
indistinguishable from will.
·
Making offers
Shall
I fetch you another glass of wine?
3. Can
& Could
·
Talking about ability
Can
you speak Japanese? (present)
She
could play the piano when she was five. (past)
·
Making request
Could
you speak up a bit please? (slightly more formal, polite or softer)
·
Asking permission
Can
I ask you a question?
4. Must
(examples
here refer to British English, there is some variation in American English)
·
Must is often used to indicate
'personal' obligation; what you think you yourself or other people/things must
do. If the obligation comes from outside (eg a rule or law), then have to is often (but not always)
preferred:
People
must try to be more tolerant of each other.
5. Would
·
As the past of will
He
said the next meeting would be in a month’s time.
6. May
·
Talking about things that can happen in certain
situations
Each
nurse may be responsible for up to twenty patients.
7. Might
·
Saying that something was possible, but did not
actually happen
You
saw me standing at the bust stop! You might have stopped and given me a lift!
Modal
verbs are NEVER used with other auxiliary verbs such as do, does, did etc. The
negative is formed simply by adding "not" after the verb; questions
are formed by inversion of the verb and subject:
·
You should not do that.
·
Could you pick me up when I’ve finished?
source :
the picture belong to --> www.pervasivetags.com
http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/Grammar%20Guides/3.07%20Modals.htm
